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Hooge in World War I
In World War I, the area around Hooge in one of the eastern-most sectors of the Ypres Salient was the site of intense and sustained fighting between German and Allied forces. The small village of Hooge is located on the Bellewaerde Ridge, about 4 kilometres east of Ypres in the Flemish province of West-Vlaanderen in Belgium.
The sites of several significant military operations can be found within a radius around Hooge, including those known in World War I as ''Château Wood'', ''Sanctuary Wood'', ''Railway Wood'' and ''Menin Road''. There are four Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) war cemeteries in this area, as well as several museums and memorials. ''Hill 62'' and ''Mount Sorrel'' are located further south, while the sites known to British and Commonwealth soldiers as ''Stirling Castle'' and ''Clapham Junction'' are further east.
==Background==
For much of the war, the region around Hooge belonged to one of the eastern-most sectors of the Ypres Salient, being almost constantly exposed to enemy attacks from three sides. From 1914 the front line of the salient ran through the Hooge area and there was almost constant fighting in the region over the next three years, during which the village of Hooge and the ''Château de Hooge'', a local manor house which served as country house of the local landed gentry and residence of the lord of the manor, were totally destroyed.〔(Hooge on ''ww1battlefields.co.uk'' ), accessed 25 April 2015〕 Around Hooge, the opposing front lines were almost within whispering distance of each other. With its ruined village and a maze of battered and confusing trench lines, the area was regarded as a very hazardous and heavily contested area for the infantry, where snipers abounded and trench raids were frequent. Both sides saw Hooge as a particularly important area and a key target for heavy artillery bombardment.〔Peter Barton/Peter Doyle/Johan Vandewalle, Beneath Flanders Fields - The Tunnellers' War 1914-1918, Staplehurst (Spellmount) (978-1862272378) p. 148-154.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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